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Article

Microbial exposure in infancy and subsequent appearance of type 1 diabetes mellitus-associated autoantibodies: a cohort study.

JAMA pediatrics - 1 Aug 2014

Virtanen Suvi M, Takkinen Hanna-Mari, Nwaru Bright I, Kaila Minna, Ahonen Suvi, Nevalainen Jaakko, Niinistö Sari, Siljander Heli, Simell Olli, Ilonen Jorma, Hyöty Heikki, Veijola Riitta, Knip Mikael

Abstract excerpt

IMPORTANCE: The role of microbial exposure during early life in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether animal contact and other microbial exposures during infancy are associated with the development of preclinical and clinical type 1 diabetes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A birth cohort of children with HLA antigen-DQB1-conferred susceptibility to type 1...

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PMID: 24957949
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.296

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 5 Sept 2026.

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