Peer deviance, parental divorce, and genetic risk in the prediction of drug abuse in a nationwide Swedish sample: evidence of environment-environment and gene-environment interaction.

Abstract excerpt

IMPORTANCE: Peer deviance (PD) strongly predicts externalizing psychopathologic conditions but has not been previously assessable in population cohorts. We sought to develop such an index of PD and to clarify its effects on risk of drug abuse (DA). OBJECTIVES: To examine how strongly PD increases the risk of DA and whether this community-level liability indicator interacts with key DA risk factors at the...

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