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Article

Smoking is associated with lower age, higher grade, higher stage, and larger size of malignant bladder tumors at diagnosis.

International journal of cancer - 15 Jul 2013

van Roekel Eline H, Cheng Kar K, James Nicholas D, Wallace D Michael A, Billingham Lucinda J, Murray Paul G, Bryan Richard T, Zeegers Maurice P

Abstract excerpt

Smoking is a strong risk factor of bladder cancer (BC), but it is currently unclear whether smoking is also associated with severity of BC at diagnosis. We performed a large hospital-based case-comparison study, examining the relation between smoking and clinical characteristics of BC at diagnosis. A total of 1,544 cases from participating hospitals in the West Midlands were recruited between 19 December 2005 and...

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Identifiers

PMID: 23292999
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28017

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 5 Sept 2026.

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