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Article

Retinoic acid signaling regulates sonic hedgehog and bone morphogenetic protein signalings during genital tubercle development.

Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology - 1 Feb 2012

Liu Liqing, Suzuki Kentaro, Nakagata Naomi, Mihara Kenichiro, Matsumaru Daisuke, Ogino Yukiko, Yashiro Kenta, Hamada Hiroshi, Liu Zhonghua, Evans Sylvia M, Mendelsohn Cathy, Yamada Gen

Abstract excerpt

Retinoic acid (RA) plays pivotal roles in organogenesis, and both excessive and reduced amounts of RA cause developmental abnormalities. Reproductive organs are susceptible to teratogen toxigenicity, and the genital tubercle (GT) is one such representative organ. The physiological function of end...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 22127979
DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20344
PMCID: PMC5837284

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 4 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-22127979-2026-09-04.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-04.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 4 Sept 2026.

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