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Article

Defining the cellular precursors to human breast cancer.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 21 Feb 2012

Keller Patricia J, Arendt Lisa M, Skibinski Adam, Logvinenko Tanya, Klebba Ina, Dong Shumin, Smith Avi E, Prat Aleix, Perou Charles M, Gilmore Hannah, Schnitt Stuart, Naber Stephen P, Garlick Jonathan A, Kuperwasser Charlotte

Abstract excerpt

Human breast cancers are broadly classified based on their gene-expression profiles into luminal- and basal-type tumors. These two major tumor subtypes express markers corresponding to the major differentiation states of epithelial cells in the breast: luminal (EpCAM(+)) and basal/myoepithelial (...

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 21940501
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1017626108
PMCID: PMC3286919

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 4 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-21940501-2026-09-04.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-04.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 4 Sept 2026.

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