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Estrogen mediation of breast tumor formation involves estrogen receptor-dependent, as well as independent, genotoxic effects.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences - 1 Feb 2009

Santen Richard, Cavalieri Ercole, Rogan Eleanor, Russo Jose, Guttenplan Joseph, Ingle James, Yue Wei

Abstract excerpt

Long-term exposure to estrogens influences the development of breast cancer in women, but the precise mechanisms involved are not clearly defined. Our working hypothesis is that estrogen modulates this process by two separate processes. One involves the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptor (ER) alpha with stimulation of cell proliferation. Errors in DNA occurring during replication result in fixed mutations...

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Identifiers

PMID: 19250200
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03685.x

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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