Bone morphogenetic protein 2 induces pulmonary angiogenesis via Wnt–β-catenin and Wnt–RhoA–Rac1 pathways

Abstract excerpt

Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor II (BMPRII) are associated with pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) apoptosis and the loss of small vessels seen in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Given the low penetrance of BMPRII mutations, abnormalities in other converging signaling pathways may be necessary for disease development. We hypothesized that BMPRII supports normal PAEC...

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