Article
The dopamine receptor D4 7-repeat allele and prenatal smoking in ADHD-affected children and their unaffected siblings: no gene-environment interaction.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines - 1 Oct 2008
Altink Marieke E, Arias-Vásquez Alejandro, Franke Barbara, Slaats-Willemse Dorine I E, Buschgens Cathelijne J M, Rommelse Nanda N J, Fliers Ellen A, Anney Richard, Brookes Keeley-Joanne, Chen Wai, Gill Michael, Mulligan Aisling, Sonuga-Barke Edmund, Thompson Margaret, Sergeant Joseph A, Faraone Stephen V, Asherson Philip, Buitelaar Jan K
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: The dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) 7-repeat allele and maternal smoking during pregnancy are both considered as risk factors in the aetiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but few studies have been conducted on their interactive effects in causing ADHD. The purpose of this study is to examine the gene by environment (GxE) interaction of the DRD4 7-repeat allele and smoking during...
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