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Article

Toll-like receptors are temporally involved in host defense.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) - 1 Apr 2004

Weiss David S, Raupach Bärbel, Takeda Kiyoshi, Akira Shizuo, Zychlinsky Arturo

Abstract excerpt

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins that recognize microbial molecules and initiate host defense. To investigate how TLRs work together to fight infections, we tested the role of TLRs in host defense against the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen, Salmonella. We show that TLR4 is critical for early cytokine production and killing of bacteria by murine macrophages. Interestingly, later...

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Source

Identifiers

PMID: 15034062
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.7.4463

Genes

TLR4
TLR2

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 5 Sept 2026.

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