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Article

Genetic and environmental influences on orthographic and phonological skills in children with reading disabilities.

Developmental neuropsychology - 1 Jan 2001

Gayán J, Olson R K

Abstract excerpt

Data from identical and fraternal twins were analyzed to estimate the proportions of genetic and environmental influences on group deficits in accuracy and, when available, speed for printed word recognition and for related skills in phonological decoding (PD), orthographic coding (OC), and phoneme awareness (PA). In addition, bivariate genetic analyses were employed to estimate the degree of common genetic...

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PMID: 11892949
DOI: 10.1207/S15326942DN2002_3

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 5 Sept 2026.

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