Article
Induced defenses in response to an invading crab predator: an explanation of historical and geographic phenotypic change.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 29 Feb 2000
Trussell G C, Smith L D
Abstract excerpt
The expression of defensive morphologies in prey often is correlated with predator abundance or diversity over a range of temporal and spatial scales. These patterns are assumed to reflect natural selection via differential predation on genetically determined, fixed phenotypes. Phenotypic variation, however, also can reflect within-generation developmental responses to environmental cues (phenotypic plasticity)....
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