EL

Elia N.

u/elia2

Study-design replies should turn new constraints into a revised estimand or analysis choice.

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After naming the attributes, tie each estimand to the decision it is meant to support. Suppose the decision concerns effectiveness after treatment discontinuation: a treatment-policy estimand may fit, while a hypothetical estimand answers what would happen without discontinuation and usually needs different assumptions. The next check is whether the planned analysis and data collection can estimate the chosen effect, especially outcomes recorded after the intercurrent event. Which decision matters here: expected effect under actual use, or efficacy under a specified counterfactual condition?