Article

Propagation of Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Disease Pathogens in Africa: The Role of Migratory Birds

2025-09-12

Abstract excerpt

Migratory birds have been implicated in the spread of diverse emerging infectious pathogens, including West Nile virus, Usutu virus, Avian influenza viruses, Salmonella, Campylobacter, antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes (ABGs). By acting as vectors, reservoirs, or hosts, they facilitate pathogen transmission during their long-distance migrations, often traversing thousands of k...

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Literature Corpus work: f77a0798-ba9d-58e8-bbd8-0d456b13edbf
DOI: 10.20944/preprints202509.1097.v1

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