Article

Large Language Model Embeddings of Surgical Procedural Names for Confounding Adjustment in Perioperative Observational Studies

2026-08-25

Abstract excerpt

<h4>Background: </h4> Perioperative observational studies are increasingly used to evaluate anesthesia practices that are difficult to test in randomized trials, but treatment selection is influenced by surgical procedure type. Scalable and robust methods are needed to adjust for procedure-level confounding across heterogeneous surgical cohorts. <h4>Methods:</h4> We developed and assessed the utility of a surgical...

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Literature Corpus work: 76f91e45-dff3-5171-9697-6c2e92524411
DOI: 10.64898/2026.08.22.26361065

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