Article

Generalized Normative Modeling: A One-Step Hierarchical Kernel Framework for Multi-Site Brain Charts with Self-Correcting Z-Scores

2026-05-20

Abstract excerpt

Normative modeling expresses individual brain phenotypes as z-scores relative to a population norm, but in multi-site studies batch effects contaminate these z-scores and undermine their biomarker value. Existing approaches either harmonize data before fitting a normative model (ComBat+Normative), letting residual site effects leak into z-scores, or use parametric one-step methods (GAMLSS, HBR) that cannot flexibl...

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Literature Corpus work: 5d9256da-bc0e-5d76-9623-490cbf8044a6
DOI: 10.64898/2026.05.17.725772

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