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Article

The emergence of putative epistatic mutations and iSNVs in SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.16 variants linked with alteration in immunogenic determinants.

Frontiers in immunology - 1 Jan 2026

Jogi Mukesh Kumar, Shikha Sristy, Singh Pushpendra, Sharma Devesh, Shreyansh Shreyansh, Mishra Prem, Priyadarsini Aiswariya, Priyadarsini Aahamya, Choudhary Deokrishna Kumar, Jain Meenu, Sagar Ritu, Kumar Anuj, Marwal Robin, Neyaz Md Kausar, Prakashchand Dheeraj Dube, Gupta Rakesh, Singh Shalini, Kumar Pramod

Abstract excerpt

The SARS-CoV-2 XBB variants have been proposed to evolve towards immune evasion against vaccination or natural infection, which may contribute to higher transmissibility. The XBB.1.16 independently emerged due to accumulation of two important substitutions, E180V and T478R in the spike protein. Its pseudoviral infectivity and evasion of humoral immunity were similar to XBB.1 and XBB.1.5. In March 2023, XBB.1.16...

Read the complete abstract on PubMed

Topics

Humans
SARS-CoV-2
Epistasis, Genetic
Mutation
COVID-19

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy Delete account & data About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Immune Evasion

Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Genome, Viral

Source

Open in PubMed Open full text

Identifiers

PMID: 42694107
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1846973
PMCID: PMC13538099

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