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Article

Beyond CDK4/6 Inhibition: Current Strategies in Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Current treatment options in oncology - 18 Apr 2026

Cetin Bulent, Erdem Dilek, Karaman Irem, Gumusay Ozge

Abstract excerpt

OPINION STATEMENT: We focus our second-line treatment strategy on biomarker-defined resistance mechanisms that emerge after progression on CDK4/6 inhibitors. In our view, ESR1 mutation–mediated resistance constitutes a biologically distinct phenotype of endocrine resistance rather than a simple treatment escape. Therefore, in patients with ESR1-mutated tumors, we strongly favor incorporating next-generation oral...

Topics

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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
Molecular Targeted Therapy

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Neoplasm Metastasis

Receptors, Estrogen

Receptors, Progesterone

Source

Open in PubMed Open full text

Identifiers

PMID: 41999452
DOI: 10.1007/s11864-026-01391-3
PMCID: PMC13091897

Genes

CDK4
PIK3CA
ESR1
PTEN
AKT1

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 1 Sept 2026.

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