Investigating factors driving shifts in subtype dominance within H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses.

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.002150

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Article

Investigating factors driving shifts in subtype dominance within H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses.

The Journal of general virology - 1 Sept 2025

Billington Elizabeth, Di Genova Cecilia, Warren Caroline J, Thomas Saumya S, Johnson Simon, Riccio Sofia, De Silva Dilhani, Peers-Dent Jacob, Temperton Nigel, da Costa Kelly, Byrne Alexander M P, Airey Maisie, Schlachter Audra-Lynne, Yang Jiayun, Nunez Alejandro, Iqbal Munir, Slomka Marek J, Brown Ian H, Banyard Ashley C, James Joe

Abstract excerpt

H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have decimated wild bird and poultry populations globally since the autumn of 2020. In the UK and in continental Europe, the H5N8 subtype predominated during the first epizootic wave of 2020/21, with few detections of H5N1. However, during the second (2021/22) and third (2022/23) epizootic waves, H5N1 was the dominant subtype. The rapid shift...

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PMID: 40889128
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002150
PMCID: PMC12401460

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