DUX4 at 25: how it emerged from “junk DNA” to become the cause of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

Abstract excerpt

Double Homeobox 4 (DUX4) is a potent transcription factor encoded by a retrogene mapped in D4Z4 repeated elements on chromosome 4q35. DUX4 has emerged as pivotal in the pathomechanisms of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), a relatively common hereditary muscle wasting condition, although classified as a rare disease. DUX4 contributes to zygote genome activation before its expression is repressed in...

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