Analysis of phylogroups, biofilm formation, virulence factors, antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with recurrent and non-recurrent urinary tract infections

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the predominant cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs), and the recurrence of these infections poses significant treatment challenges. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the phylogroups, biofilm formation, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance of UPEC strains in patients with recurrent versus non-recurrent UTIs in Hamadan City, Western Iran....

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