Respiratory distress syndrome is the poster child for neonatology

Abstract excerpt

My goal is to discuss the significant improvement in mortality rates for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to new therapies. In the 1950s and 1960s, mortality rates were approximately 50% (Fig. 1 ); however, with the introduction of CPAP, surfactant therapy, antenatal steroids, and mechanical ventilation, today’s mortality rate has dropped to less than 2%. This is a remarkable advancement, and the 2% figure...

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