Article
Primary ciliary dyskinesia and male infertility: Unraveling the genetic and clinical nexus.
Andrology - 1 Oct 2025
Roostaei Ghazal, Khoshnam Rad Niloofar, Fakhri B Maryam S, Mozaffari Sedigheh, Rahimi Besharat, Kazemizadeh Hossein, Abtahi Hamidreza
Abstract excerpt
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia in various organ systems, including the respiratory and reproductive tracts. A key manifestation in males is infertility, primarily attributed to impaired sperm motility. Although sperm vitality may be preserved, immotility or abnormal flagellar function significantly impairs natural conception....
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