Article
High PD-1 and CTLA-4 expression correlates with host immune suppression in patients and a mouse model infected with Echinococcus multilocularis
25 Oct 2024
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), a fatal disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, often affects the liver, with tumor-like growth. However, the mechanism by which E. multilocularis evades host immune surveillance remains unclear. METHODS: We collected liver specimens from hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) patients and established a mouse model of E. multilocularis infection. Immunofluorescence...
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