Article
Fontan failure: phenotypes, evaluation, management, and future directions.
Cardiology in the young - 1 Oct 2022
Chowdhury Ujjwal Kumar, George Niwin, Sankhyan Lakshmi Kumari, Pradeep Doniparthi, Chittimuri Chaitanya, Chauhan Abhinavsingh, Pandey Niraj Nirmal, Goja Shikha
Abstract excerpt
OBJECTIVES: Management of "failing" and "failed" Fontan circulation, particularly the indications, timing, and type of re-intervention, currently remains nebulous. Factors contributing to pathogenesis and mortality following Fontan procedure differ between children and adults. METHODS: Since organ systems in individual patients are affected differently, we searched the extant literature for a "failing" and...
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