Article
Global biogeography of warning coloration in the butterfly Danaus chrysippus.
Biology letters - 1 Jun 2022
Liu Wanzhen, Smith David A S, Raina Gayatri, Stanforth Rowan, Ng'Iru Ivy, Ireri Piera, Martins Dino J, Gordon Ian J, Martin Simon H
Abstract excerpt
Warning coloration provides a textbook example of natural selection, but the frequent observation of polymorphism in aposematic species presents an evolutionary puzzle. We investigated biogeography and polymorphism of warning patterns in the widespread butterfly Danaus chrysippus using records from citizen science (n = 5467), museums (n = 8864) and fieldwork (n = 2586). We find that polymorphism in three traits...
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