Redistribution of intracellular and extracellular free & adsorbed antibiotic resistance genes through a wastewater treatment plant by an enhanced extracellular DNA extraction method with magnetic beads

Abstract excerpt

Due to the limitations of current extraction methods, extracellular DNA (eDNA) is rarely discerned from intracellular DNA (iDNA) despite having unique contributions to antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) propagation. Furthermore, eDNA may be free (f-eDNA) or adsorbed to or suspended solids, including cells (a-eDNA), which affects ARG persistence and transmissivity. We developed a novel method using magnetic beads...

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