Article
ENPP1 and ESR1 genotypes associated with subclassifications of craniofacial asymmetry and severity of temporomandibular disorders.
American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics - 1 Nov 2017
Chung Kay, Richards Tabitha, Nicot Romain, Vieira Alexandre R, Cruz Christiane V, Raoul Gwénaël, Ferri Joel, Sciote James J
Abstract excerpt
INTRODUCTION: We investigated whether ACTN3, ENPP1, ESR1, PITX1, and PITX2 genes which contribute to sagittal and vertical malocclusions also contribute to facial asymmetries and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) before and after orthodontic and orthognathic surgery treatment. METHODS: One hundred seventy-four patients with a dentofacial deformity were diagnosed as symmetric or subdivided into 4 asymmetric groups...
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