Article
Ethanol itself is a holoprosencephaly-inducing teratogen.
PloS one - 1 Jan 2017
Hong Mingi, Krauss Robert S
Abstract excerpt
Ethanol is a teratogen, inducing a variety of structural defects in developing humans and animals that are exposed in utero. Mechanisms of ethanol teratogenicity in specific defects are not well understood. Oxidative metabolism of ethanol by alcohol dehydrogenase or cytochrome P450 2E1 has been implicated in some of ethanol's teratogenic effects, either via production of acetaldehyde or competitive inhibition of...
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