Biotic and abiotic factors associated with altitudinal variation in plant traits and herbivory in a dominant oak species.

Abstract excerpt

PREMISE OF THE STUDY: It is generally thought that herbivore pressure is higher at lower elevations where climate is warmer and less seasonal, and that this has led to higher levels of plant defense investment at low elevations. However, the generality of this expectation has been called into question by recent studies. METHODS: We tested for altitudinal gradients in insect leaf damage, plant defenses (phenolic...

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