Effects of immunosuppressive and biological agents on refractory Takayasu arteritis patients unresponsive to glucocorticoid treatment.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the effects of immunosuppressive and biological agents on refractory Takayasu arteritis (TA) patients resistant to or dependent on glucocorticoids. METHODS: Forty-four consecutive TA patients were enrolled, and the clinical characteristics and effectiveness of the immunosuppressive and biological agents in achieving and maintaining remission among glucocorticoid-resistant or...

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