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Article

Sex differences of COPD phenotypes in nonsmoking patients.

International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - 1 Jan 2016

Hong Yoonki, Ji Wonjun, An Soojeong, Han Seon-Sook, Lee Seung-Joon, Kim Woo Jin

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence about sex-related phenotypes of COPD. However, the sex differences in COPD mainly result from smokers. This study evaluated the sex differences in nonsmoking patients with COPD, focusing on structural changes in the lungs in airway diseases and emphysema. METHODS: Ninety-seven nonsmoking patients, defined as having <1 pack-year of lifetime cigarette smoking, diagnosed with...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy Delete account & data About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 27524891
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S108343
PMCID: PMC4965225

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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