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Article

Gene-Environment Interactions and the Etiology of Birth Defects.

Current topics in developmental biology - 1 Jan 2016

Krauss Robert S, Hong Mingi

Abstract excerpt

It is thought that most structural birth defects are caused by a complex combination of genetic and environmental factors that interact to interfere with morphogenetic processes. It is important not only to identify individual genetic and environmental risk factors for particular defects but also to identify which environmental factors interact specifically with which genetic variants that predispose to the same...

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PMID: 26970642
DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2015.12.010

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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