Detection and characterization of integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs)-positive Vibrio cholerae isolates from aquacultured shrimp and the environment in Shanghai, China.

Abstract excerpt

Increasing industrialization and use of antimicrobial agents in aquaculture production, have led to heavy metals and multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens becoming serious problems. These resistances are conferred in two ways: intrinsic and transfer via conjugation, or transformation by the major transmission mediators. Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are one of the major mediators; however, few studies...

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