Intraspecific variability in associative learning in the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis.

Abstract excerpt

The ability to learn is key to behavioral adaptation to changing environments. Yet, learning rate and memory retention can vary greatly across or even within species. While interspecific differences have been attributed to ecological context or life history constraints, intraspecific variability in learning behavior is rarely studied and more often, ignored: inferences of the cognitive abilities of a species are...

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