Article
Mothers' prenatal stress and their children's antisocial outcomes--a moderating role for the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines - 1 Jan 2014
Zohsel Katrin, Buchmann Arlette F, Blomeyer Dorothea, Hohm Erika, Schmidt Martin H, Esser Günter, Brandeis Daniel, Banaschewski Tobias, Laucht Manfred
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Maternal distress during pregnancy has been linked to aggressive behavior in offspring. This effect has been interpreted in terms of 'fetal programming'. The 7-repeat (7r) allele of a VNTR polymorphism in exon III of the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) has consistently been associated with externalizing behavior problems, especially in the presence of adverse environmental factors. So far, it is not...
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