The sequence variation responsible for the functional difference between the CONSTANS protein, and the CONSTANS-like (COL) 1 and COL2 proteins, resides mostly in the region encoded by their first exons.

Abstract excerpt

Although the protein CONSTANS (CO) and its close relatives CONSTANS-like (COL) 1 and COL2 exhibit high amino acid sequence similarities, only the CO protein regulates floral induction in Arabidopsis. To investigate the structural basis for the functional differences between CO, COL1, and COL2 in flowering, we performed domain-swapping between CO, COL1, and COL2, and site-directed mutagenesis on the first exon of...

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