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Article

Ethnic differences in the clinical presentation of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism - 1 Jun 2012

Chng Chiaw-Ling, Seah Lay Leng, Khoo Daphne Hsu Chin

Abstract excerpt

Ethnic differences in a number of eye conditions have been described. The literature on ethnic differences in Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is limited. There is some evidence to suggest Asian patients with GO may manifest milder phenotypic features of GO, with less proptosis and evidence of extraocular muscle involvement and restriction. The reasons for these differences are likely to be multifactorial and include...

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Identifiers

PMID: 22632362
DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2011.10.004

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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