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Article

Blood system formation in the urochordate Ciona intestinalis requires the variable receptor vCRL1.

Molecular biology and evolution - 1 Oct 2012

Sommer Felix, Awazu Satoko, Anton-Erxleben Friederike, Jiang Di, Klimovich Alexander V, Klimovich Boris V, Samoilovich Marina P, Satou Yutaka, Krüss Margret, Gelhaus Christoph, Kürn Ulrich, Bosch Thomas C G, Khalturin Konstantin

Abstract excerpt

Adaptive immune systems are present only in vertebrates. How do all the remaining animals withstand continuous attacks of permanently evolving pathogens? Even in the absence of adaptive immunity, every organism must be able to unambiguously distinguish "self" cells from any imaginable "nonself." Here, we analyzed the function of highly polymorphic gene vCRL1, which is expressed in follicle and blood cells of...

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PMID: 22513285
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mss120

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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