RAS mutations are associated with the development of cutaneous squamous cell tumors in patients treated with RAF inhibitors.

doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.36.7680

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Article

RAS mutations are associated with the development of cutaneous squamous cell tumors in patients treated with RAF inhibitors.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology - 20 Jan 2012

Oberholzer Patrick A, Kee Damien, Dziunycz Piotr, Sucker Antje, Kamsukom Nyam, Jones Robert, Roden Christine, Chalk Clinton J, Ardlie Kristin, Palescandolo Emanuele, Piris Adriano, MacConaill Laura E, Robert Caroline, Hofbauer Günther F L, McArthur Grant A, Schadendorf Dirk, Garraway Levi A

Abstract excerpt

PURPOSE: RAF inhibitors are effective against melanomas with BRAF V600E mutations but may induce keratoacanthomas (KAs) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs). The potential of these agents to promote secondary malignancies is concerning. We analyzed cSCC and KA lesions for genetic mutations in an attempt to identify an underlying mechanism for their formation. METHODS: Four international centers...

Topics

Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Benzenesulfonates
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Genotype
Humans

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Indoles

Male

Mass Spectrometry

Middle Aged

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases

Mutation

Niacinamide

Phenylurea Compounds

Protein Kinase Inhibitors

Source

Open in PubMed Open full text

Identifiers

PMID: 22067401
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2011.36.7680
PMCID: PMC3269955

Genes

BRAF
FGFR3
HRAS
KRAS
MYC
VHL

Variants

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 29 Aug 2026. Prepared record publication-22067401-2026-08-29.1. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-08-29.1.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 29 Aug 2026.

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