Article
Environmental risk factors and clinical phenotype in familial and sporadic primary blepharospasm.
Neurology - 16 Aug 2011
Defazio G, Abbruzzese G, Aniello M S, Bloise M, Crisci C, Eleopra R, Fabbrini G, Girlanda P, Liguori R, Macerollo A, Marinelli L, Martino D, Morgante F, Santoro L, Tinazzi M, Berardelli A
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Although environmental and genetic factors may contribute to the etiology of blepharospasm, their relative contribution in causing familial and sporadic blepharospasm is unknown. METHODS: First-degree relatives of 122 patients with primary blepharospasm were examined with a validated 2-step diagnostic procedure, including a screening questionnaire and examination of some relatives. Examiners were...
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