Modularity in the skull and cranial vasculature of laboratory mice: implications for the evolution of complex phenotypes.

Abstract excerpt

The generation of coordinated morphological change over time results from the interconnectedness of evolution and development. The modular architecture of development results in varying degrees of integration and independence among parts of the phenotype, and facilitates the production of phenotypic variation in complex anatomical units composed of multiple tissue types. Here we use geometric morphometrics to...

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