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Article

Addressing the complexity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotypes and biomarkers to scale-free networks, systems biology, and P4 medicine.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine - 1 May 2011

Agusti Alvar, Sobradillo Patricia, Celli Bartolomé

Abstract excerpt

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disease at the clinical, cellular, and molecular levels. However, its diagnosis, assessment, and therapeutic management are based almost exclusively on the severity of airflow limitation. A better understanding of the multiple dimensions of COPD and its relationship to other diseases is very relevant and of high current interest. Recent theoretical...

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PMID: 21169466
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201009-1414PP

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