Article
Risk factors and gene expression in esophageal cancer.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) - 1 Jan 2009
Xu Xiao-chun
Abstract excerpt
Esophageal cancer is a significant worldwide health problem because of its poor prognosis and high incidence in certain parts of the world. Tobacco smoke and alcohol consumption are significant risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, whereas frequent gastroesophageal reflux and subsequent inflammatory reactions play a role in causing the adenocarcinoma. Esophageal carcinogenesis involves multiple...
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