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Article

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene polymorphisms, smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - 1 Jan 2007

Busquets Xavier, MacFarlane Niall G, Heine-Suñer Damià, Morlá Montse, Torres-Juan Laura, Iglesias Amanda, Lladó Jeronia, Sauleda Jaume, Agustí Alvar G N

Abstract excerpt

While tobacco smoking is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) only a fraction of smokers go on to develop the disease. We investigated the relationship between the insertion (I)--deletion (D) polymorphisms in the Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene and the ri...

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Identifiers

PMID: 18229571
PMCID: PMC2695206

Genes

ACE

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 4 Sept 2026. Prepared record publication-18229571-2026-09-04.2. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-04.2.

Source receipt: PubMed via Helena Literature Corpus, retrieved 4 Sept 2026.

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