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Article

Defining clinical phenotypes of juvenile mania.

The American journal of psychiatry - 1 Mar 2003

Leibenluft Ellen, Charney Dennis S, Towbin Kenneth E, Bhangoo Robinder K, Pine Daniel S

Abstract excerpt

OBJECTIVE: The authors suggest criteria for a range of narrow to broad phenotypes of bipolar disorder in children, differentiated according to the characteristics of the manic or hypomanic episodes, and present methods for validation of the criteria. METHOD: Relevant literature describing bipolar disorder in both children and adults was reviewed critically, and the input of experts was sought. RESULTS: Areas of...

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Source

Identifiers

PMID: 12611821
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.3.430

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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