A Review: Bovine Coronavirus Evolution, Molecular Epidemiology, and Genetic Variation.

doi:10.3390/v18080909

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Article

A Review: Bovine Coronavirus Evolution, Molecular Epidemiology, and Genetic Variation.

Viruses - 18 Aug 2026

Wang Dong, Zhang Wenzheng, Nie Zheng, Wang Xutian, Liu Jinhui, Zhang Yannan, Lu Yabin, Mai Zhanhai, He Xiaodong, Li Jianlong, Gong Chao, Guo Qingyong

Abstract excerpt

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a key pathogen causing calf diarrhea and bovine respiratory diseases, bringing sustained economic losses to the cattle industry. As an RNA virus, BCoV possesses high mutation and recombination capacities, leading to prominent genomic genetic diversity. The genome contains hypervariable and conserved regions, with the S (especially S1), HE and Open Reading Frame (ORF4) genes serving as...

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PMID: 42655726
DOI: 10.3390/v18080909
PMCID: PMC13517495

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