Successful Management of Suspected Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in BRAF-Mutant Cholangiocarcinoma Following Treatment With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and BRAF/MEK Inhibitors: A Case Report.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: The BRAF V600E mutation is a rare genetic alteration in cholangiocarcinoma for which sequential therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and BRAF/MEK inhibitors may be effective. However, the full spectrum of adverse events associated with the sequential use of these agents remains unclear. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a fatal cytokine release syndrome that can be triggered by a...

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