Early detection and genetic characterization of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 and H5N9 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses at the onset of fall migration in wild birds during october 2025 in South Korea.

Abstract excerpt

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b continue to diversify through reassortment with co-circulating low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses and are repeatedly introduced into South Korea via migratory flyways. During national wild bird surveillance in October 2025, two HPAI viruses of different subtypes, H5N1 and H5N9, were detected in Common teals in the southwestern Korea....

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