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Influenza PA Substitutions and Genetic Diversity of A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B/Victoria Viruses in Japan During the 2023-2024 Season.

Viruses - 21 Dec 2025

Lee Nanjun, Tang Julian W, Chon Irina, Kakuya Fujio, Terao Ryuta, Kawashima Takashi, Sato Isamu, Kodo Naoki, Suzuki Eitaro, Masaki Hironori, Asoh Norichika, Shirahige Yutaka, Hamabata Hirotsune, Tamura Tsutomu, Wagatsuma Keita, Sun Yuyang, Li Jiaming, Purnama Tri Bayu, Ichikawa Yusuke, Watanabe Hisami, Saito Reiko

Abstract excerpt

We characterized influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B/Victoria viruses circulating in Japan during 2023-2024, focusing on lineage placement relative to WHO-recommended vaccine strains and on baloxavir resistance (PA/I38T substitutions). We enrolled 210 outpatients with influenza-like illness across eight clinics in six prefectures (October 2023-September 2024). Of these, 209 had an analyzable pre-treatment...

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PMID: 41600778
DOI: 10.3390/v18010013
PMCID: PMC12846502

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