Article
Relationship between PALM scale endotypes and surgical outcomes in maxillomandibular advancement for obstructive sleep apnea.
Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice - 1 Jul 2026
Manetti Chiara, Viola Bartelloni, Danilo Cialoni, Carlo Brevi Bruno
Abstract excerpt
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether phenotypic classification according to the PALM framework (pharyngeal collapsibility, arousal threshold, loop gain, and muscle responsiveness) can predict postoperative outcomes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing maxillomandibular advancement (MMA). Secondary objectives were to explore its usefulness in preoperative planning and to assess the influence of body...
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